Operational Risk Assessment of the Logistics Chain at Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang Using a Mixed Methods Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33556/jstm.v24i2.585Abstract
Tanjung Emas Port in Semarang plays a strategic role as the main hub for logistics distribution in Central Java; however, its operational efficiency is frequently hindered by complex and dynamic risks. This study aims to identify, assess, and map operational risks within the port logistics chain using a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires distributed to 86 operational workers selected via purposive sampling. Quantitative analysis was performed using statistical software to test validity, reliability, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, while qualitative analysis employed thematic analysis to provide contextual depth to the statistical findings. The results indicate that the highest operational risks are found in occupational safety, truck flow delays at the port gate, and significant vessel queuing. Data integration reveals that technical equipment failures and weak coordination among stakeholders are the primary risk triggers. This study recommends strengthening risk management through the digitalization of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), enhancing port information systems, and optimizing cross-sector coordination within the maritime supply chain.
Keywords: operational risk, logistics chain, port, risk assessment, Tanjung Emas.
References
Arifin. (2022). Evaluasi risiko terminal peti kemas. Jurnal Logistik Maritim.
Aulia, R. (2025). Penerapan smart port system berbasis IoT untuk efisiensi manajemen operasional pelabuhan di Indonesia: Rekayasa dan manajemen kepelabuhanan dan trasportasi laut. Riset Sains dan Teknologi Kelautan, 79–88.
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Emha, F., Ariadi, T. S., & Bahrudin, I. (2024). Penilaian risiko operasional pada rantai logistik pelabuhan dengan pendekatan mixed methods. Laporan Penelitian, UNIMAR AMNI Semarang.
Fikru, Z. M., & Yohannes, K. (2025). The role of autonomous shipping in revolutionizing global maritime transport. Shipping and Transport Management Journal, 1(1), 1-11.
Girsang, E., et al. (2023). Program safety talk sebagai langkah pencegahan kecelakaan kerja di lingkungan kerja pelabuhan. Jurnal Kesehatan Kerja.
Hardhika, H., & Saifuddin, M. (2025). Pengelolaan waktu tinggal yang efektif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan daya saing pelabuhan. Jurnal Ranah Research.
Haryono, M. (2024). Analisis kuantitatif faktor sumber daya dan teknologi terhadap keselamatan pelayaran maritim di Indonesia. Logistics and Supply Chain Insights, 1(2), 94-104.
ISO. (2018). ISO 31000: Risk management—Guidelines. International Organization for Standardization.
Ismiyati, I., Sanggawuri, R., & Handajani, M. (2020). Penerapan manajemen resiko pada pembangunan proyek perpanjangan dermaga log (Studi Kasus: Pelabuhan Dalam Tanjung Emas Semarang). Media Komunikasi Teknik Sipil, 25(2), 209-220.
Junaidi, A. (2021). Identify the trends on maritime safety management. TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 15(2).
Maming, J. B., Toring, K. C. N., & Toring, E. E. (2025). Charting a new course: A research methodology guide for the maritime industry. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 39(6), 713-722.
Mohammad, S. S., et al. (2026). Optimizing marine logistics reliability: An AI-driven predictive maintenance and cost-risk framework. Sustainable Marine Structures, 8(1), 20–40.
Nasution, A. (2024). Analisis komparatif manajemen pelabuhan: Studi kasus Indonesia, Singapura, dan Malaysia. Adenasution.com.
Naufal, M. A. Z. (2024). The influence of port infrastructure on flood risk management at Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang. Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya.
Nugraha, R., & Lestari, A. (2023). Penerapan metode PHA dalam menilai risiko kegiatan bongkar muat di pelabuhan peti kemas. Jurnal Kesehatan Kerja & Lingkungan, 10(1), 45–53.
Onyshchenko, S. (2024). Approach to assessing safety risks in shipping projects based on human factor. Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology.
Panahi, R., et al. (2022). Developing a resilience assessment model for critical infrastructures: The case of port in tackling the impacts posed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Ocean and Coastal Management, 226, 106240.
Parman, Agustin, D. F., & Sophia, A. V. (2025). Integrated FMEA-AHP frameworks for resource allocation in port risk management. Academic Journal of Indonesian Maritime.
Pratama, R., & Suyanto, B. (2021). Implementasi big data dan IoT untuk optimasi manajemen pelabuhan di Indonesia: Studi kasus pelabuhan Tanjung Priok. Jurnal Ilmu Logistik Indonesia, 10(2), 112-124.
Roberts, et al. (2023). The increasing scrutiny of ports and the growing pressure for sustainable operations. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation.
Sahara, S., & Saputra, Y. (2023). Penerapan manajemen risiko guna meminimalisir kerugian pada kegiatan pengiriman redpack. JIMF (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Forkamma), 7(2), 103–111.
Sahara, S., et al. (2021). Risk assessment and management in port operations: A case study of Tanjung Priok Port. Journal of Transportation Security, 16(2), 321-336.
Sanni-Anibire, et al. (2020). Occupational health and safety challenges in high-throughput port environments. Journal of Port Management.
Song, D. W., & Panayides, P. M. (2015). Maritime logistics: A complete guide to effective shipping and port management (2nd ed.). Kogan Page.
Srivastava, S. K., Narkhede, B. E., Raut, R. D., & Mishra, N. K. (2025). Examination of adoption barriers
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
